Brown-necked Parrot |
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Also known as: Grey-headed Parrot (P. f. suahelicus)
Female Brown-necked Parrot
© Cyril Laubscher
Photos
View in GalleryDid You Know?
The Brown-necked Parrot's very large beak gives it a "top heavy" appearance in flight.Academic Research
Related publications: Poicephalus fuscicollisSpecies Profile
Genus: Poicephalus | Species: fuscicollis
Size:
32cm (12.5 in)
Weight:
310-400g (10.9-14 oz)
Subspecies including nominate:
two: P.f. fuscicollis, P.f. suahelicus
Colour Adult:
P.f. fuscicollis: Both adults have varying plumage; head and neck grey to light brown/pink, scalloped lightly orange/brown; orange/red band across the crown in female (absent in males); dark green back and wings; green rump and underparts; orange/red thighs, bend of wing, and carpal edge; black/brown tail; dark brown eye; white/grey eye ring (bare); and horn-coloured bill.
P.f. suahelicus: Both adults have varying plumage; head and neck silver/grey, scalloped lightly orange/brown; orange/red band across the crown in female (absent in males); dark green back and wings; green/blue rump and underparts; orange/red thighs, bend of wing, and carpal edge; black/brown tail; dark brown eye; white/grey eye ring (bare); and horn-coloured bill.
Colour Juvenile:
Green to yellow/brown head and neck, body dark green/olive. Male and female P.f. fuscicollis and P.f. suahelicus have orange forehead until 6 - 7 months then females regain orange marking at about 9 months; head remains silver in males.
Call:
Long distance contact calls include a loud, raucous tzu-wee, zu-wee, zeu-wee, zz-keek, and a nasal zeek given continuously during flight. Similar to P. robustus, but louder and more frequent in flight and softer when socializing at roost or activity centre. Captive birds mimic human and other sounds.
Listen NowVideo Links:
Video 1 | Video 2More Information:
Content Sources:
CITES
Cornell Lab of Ornithology/Birds of the World
Parrots: A Guide to Parrots of the World, Juniper and Parr, 1998
xeno-canto Brown-necked Parrot, Matheve, Hans XC351909
Parrots: Status Survey and Conservation Plan 2000-2004, Snyder, McGowan, Gilardi and Grajal, 2000.
Parrots of the World, Forshaw and Cooper, 1989. 2010 edition
Parrots of the World, Forshaw, 2006.
Parrots in Aviculture, Low, 1992.
Female Brown-necked Parrot
© Cyril Laubscher
Photos
View in GalleryDid You Know?
The Brown-necked Parrot's very large beak gives it a "top heavy" appearance in flight.Academic Research
Related publications: Poicephalus fuscicollisSpecies Care
Captive Status:
Rare
Longevity:
20-25 yrs
Housing:
Walk-in aviariy, minimum length 2.1m (7 ft), or indoor cage minimum length 1.8m (6 ft).
Diet:
Cooked beans and pulses, boiled corn; sunflower, dry, soaked or sprouted; walnuts greatly favoured, fruit, especially apple, orange, banana, rearing food made from: hard-boiled egg, wholegrain bread and carrot, all ground to crumbly consistency; fresh vegetables such as: carrot, celery, green beans and peas in the pod; complete pellet.
Enrichment:
Bathing; foot toys, destructible (non-toxic) toys such as wooden block, vegetable tanned leather and heat sterilized pine cones; non-destructible (non-toxic plastic) toys, food-finder toys, preening toys, different texture and size hanging perch toys, fir, pine, elder or willow branches, push-and-pull toys (sliding up and down), vegetable tanned leather toys.
Nest Box Size:
Vertical box, 12" x 12" x 24" (30.5cm x 30.5cm x 61cm).
Clutch Size:
2 to 4
Incubation Time:
28-30 days
Fledging Age:
10-11 weeks
Hatch Weight:
9.5-12g (0.3-0.4 oz)
Peak Weight:
Not recorded.
Weaning Weight:
Not recorded.
Female Brown-necked Parrot
© Cyril Laubscher
Photos
View in GalleryDid You Know?
The Brown-necked Parrot's very large beak gives it a "top heavy" appearance in flight.Academic Research
Related publications: Poicephalus fuscicollisSpecies Wild Status
World Population:
Unknown
IUCN Red List Status:
Least Concern
CITES Listing:
Appendix II
Threat Summary:
Not globally threatened. This species is likely impacted by the wild bird trade: between 1975 and 2011, 16,243 wild-caught individuals were exported (UNEP-WCMC 2013). Nest trees are lost during poaching activities. Nominate fuscicollis is also threatened by commercial logging, wood harvesting, and land conversion to agriculture.
Range:
P.f. fuscicollis: West Africa from Gambia and southern Senegal to northern Ghana and Togo.
P. f. suahelicus: Republic of South Africa (Limpopo Province), Mozambique, Zimbabwe, northern Botswana, and northern regions of Namibia to Angola (including Cabinda), southern Democratic Republic of Congo, Rwanda, and central Tanzania.
Habitat:
Found in different woodland types: mangroves, riverine woodlands, and savanna woodland. P.f. suahelicus associates very closely with Baobab Adansonia digitata which they use for breeding.
Wild Diet:
Feeds on a wide variety of fruits, nuts including mobola Parinari curatellifolia, seeds including Adansonia digitata, Aningeria adolfi-friedericii, Gmelina arborea, Monotes glaber, Erythrina (seeds and nectar), Uapaca, Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia, Syzygium cordatum, S. guineense, Lannea discolor, Celtis africana, Ricinodendron rautanenii, Parinari excelsa, Daniellia oliveri, Afzelia africana, Ceiba pentandra, Celtis mildbraedii and Diospyros mespiliformis. In addition, Ziziphus abyssinica berries and fruits of Parinari curatellifolia and P. excels taken; also Podocarpus seeds and young pods of Acacia polyacantha and Erythrina abyssinica. Later in the season also takes the bark of native and non-native plants including Gmelina arborea, Sclerocarya birrea, Parinari curatellifolia, and Melia azaderach.
Ecology and Behaviour:
Arboreal, roosts communally; forms flocks with other Poicephalus sp. Partially nomadic.
Clutch and Egg Size:
2 to 4, rounded, glossy eggs, 34 x 28 mm (1.3 x 1.0 in)
Breeding Season:
Gambia, February-April; Zimbabwe, March–June and October–November; Zambia, April–June; Tanzania, April–July; Malawi, March–April; Democratic Republic of the Congo, July. Nest is in tree hollow.
Female Brown-necked Parrot
© Cyril Laubscher
Photos
View in GalleryDid You Know?
The Brown-necked Parrot's very large beak gives it a "top heavy" appearance in flight.Academic Research
Related publications: Poicephalus fuscicollisMembers Only Resources
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